FAD1018 Intuition Notes — Master Index

Quick navigation to all intuition and quick-reference notes for FAD1018.


Organic Chemistry Intuition Notes

Core Functional Groups (In Reaction Order)

# Topic File Key Concepts
1 Alcohol & Phenol Alcohol & Phenol Classification (1°/2°/3°), pKa trends, Lucas test, chromic acid test, iodoform, oxidation, Grignard, E1 dehydration
2 Carbonyl Compounds Carbonyl Compounds Aldehydes vs ketones, Tollens/Fehling/2,4-DNP tests, nucleophilic addition, aldol, Cannizzaro, haloform
3 Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives Reactivity ladder (acyl chloride → amide), Fischer esterification, saponification, Hofmann rearrangement
4 Ketones (Deep Dive) Ketones Carbonyl trap, tetrahedral intermediate, reduction methods, cyclic ketones

Organic Chemistry Flow

Alcohol (1°) ──Oxidation──→ Aldehyde ──Oxidation──→ Carboxylic Acid
    │                           │                           │
    │                           │                           ├──→ Acyl Chloride
    │                           │                           ├──→ Ester (Fischer)
    │                           │                           └──→ Amide
    │                           │
    └───PCC (mild)──────────────┘                           
        
Alcohol (2°) ──Oxidation──→ Ketone ──Reduction──→ Alcohol (2°)
    │                           │
    └───Any oxidant─────────────┘

Physical Chemistry Intuition Notes

Topic File Key Concepts
Chemical Kinetics Kinetics Rate laws, integrated rate laws, half-life patterns, Arrhenius, mechanisms, enzyme kinetics
Thermochemistry Thermochemistry Enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, Hess's law
Phase Equilibria Deviations & Azeotropes Raoult's law, ideal vs non-ideal, azeotropes
Acid-Base Titration Acid-Base Titration Titration curves, indicators, buffer regions, equivalence point
Electrochemistry Electrochemical Series Redox potentials, cell potential, spontaneity

Drill Packs & Practice

Type File Content
Carbonyl Compounds Carbonyl Drill 56 problems: naming, reactions, tests, synthesis
Electrochemistry Electrochem Drill Cell potential calculations, redox reactions
Interleaved Mastery Mastery Set Mixed topics, exam-style problems
Kinetics through Biochem Kinetics Drill Connecting kinetics to organic/biochemistry
Phase & Thermo Phase Drill Raoult's law, colligative properties
Solubility Product Ksp Guide Precipitation, Q vs Ksp calculations
Degree of Dissociation Alpha Guide Weak acid/base dissociation calculations

Exam Preparation

Resource File Use Case
Final Exam Scope Exam Scope Complete breakdown of exam topics, past year analysis
Part B Prediction Kinetics Prediction Section B prediction for kinetics
Comprehensive Drill Full Syllabus Drill Excalidraw visual map of entire course
Nth-Order Half-Life Half-Life Derivation General derivation for any reaction order

Quick Reference: Organic Chemistry Tests

Test Positive For Observation
Lucas 3° > 2° > 1° alcohol Cloudy/turbid (ZnCl₂/HCl)
Chromic Acid 1°/2° alcohol, aldehyde Orange → green/blue
Iodoform CH₃CHO, CH₃COR, CH₃CH(OH)R, ethanol Yellow CHI₃ precipitate
Tollens' Aldehydes Silver mirror
Fehling's Aliphatic aldehydes Brick-red Cu₂O
2,4-DNP All carbonyls Orange/red precipitate
Br₂ (aq) Phenols White precipitate (tribromophenol)
FeCl₃ Phenols, enols Light purple complex
NaHCO₃ Carboxylic acids CO₂ bubbles (effervescence)

Quick Reference: Oxidation Reagents

Starting Material Reagent Product
1° Alcohol PCC/CH₂Cl₂ Aldehyde
1° Alcohol K₂Cr₂O₇/H⁺, KMnO₄/H⁺ Carboxylic acid
2° Alcohol Any oxidant Ketone
3° Alcohol Any oxidant No reaction
Aldehyde Any oxidant Carboxylic acid
Ketone Most oxidants No reaction

Derivative Reactivity Order

ACYL CHLORIDE > ACID ANHYDRIDE > ESTER ≈ CARBOXYLIC ACID > AMIDE
      ↓              ↓              ↓              ↓            ↓
  Most reactive   Moderate      Less reactive   Less reactive  Least reactive
  (Cl⁻ leaves)    (RCOO⁻ leaves) (RO⁻ leaves)    (HO⁻ leaves)   (NH₂⁻ leaves)

Organic Chemistry Study Path — Where To Start And End

The Order (Builds on Each Other)

Start Here ──→ Alcohol & Phenol ──→ Carbonyl Compounds ──→ Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives
                   │                       │                        │
                   ↓                       ↓                        ↓
              Oxidation                Nucleophilic                Nucleophilic
              (1°→aldehyde)            Addition                   Acyl Substitution
              (2°→ketone)              (Grignard, HCN)            (esterification,
                                       (aldol, Cannizzaro)        saponification, amides)

How To Read Each Intuition Note

Definition → Property → Identification → Condition → Preparation → Reactions

    ↓           ↓             ↓               ↓             ↓             ↓
 What is    BP, pKa,    Lucas, Tollens,   What reagent     How to        What it
 it?        solubility  Fehling, 2,4-DNP  + temp?          make it?      becomes?

If Exam Is Tomorrow (Organic Only)

1. <a href="/pasum/sources/fad1018-exam-leaks-2025-2026/">FAD1018 Exam Leaks 2025-2026</a> — see which organic topics in Section A/B
2. <a href="/pasum/synthesis/alcohol-phenol-intuition-note/">Alcohol &amp; Phenol — Intuition Note</a> → skip to: Identification + Reactions
3. <a href="/pasum/synthesis/carbonyl-compounds-intuition-note/">Carbonyl Compounds — Intuition Note</a> → skip to: Identification Tests table + Reactions
4. <a href="/pasum/synthesis/carboxylic-acids-derivatives-intuition-note/">Carboxylic Acids &amp; Derivatives — Intuition Note</a> → skip to: Derivative reactivity + Reactions
5. <a href="/pasum/concepts/stereochemistry/">Stereochemistry</a> — read alongside, merged in exam questions
6. Memorise:
   ● Identification tests table (Tollens/Fehling/2,4-DNP/Iodoform)
   ● Oxidation reagent table (PCC vs K₂Cr₂O₇)
   ● Derivative reactivity order (acyl chloride > anhydride > ester ≈ acid > amide)

When To Do Which Drill

You Feel... Do This
Carbonyl tests blur together Carbonyl Drill (56 problems)
Want mixed organic + physical Mastery Set
Full syllabus run needed Full Syllabus Drill
Need reaction mechanisms Re-read Reactions section of each Intuition Note

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